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The Four Horsemen of the Tech Recession [Ben Thompson, Stratechery]

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• Stephanie Palazzolo wrote on Twitter that it was disorienting to see tech layoffs and then to see US job numbers increase and unemployment drop to its lowest level in 50 years.
• The four horsemen of the tech recession are the COVID hangover, the hardware cycle, Apple’s App Tracking Transparency, and the end of zero interest rates.
• The COVID hangover is the single biggest issue facing tech companies, as consumers with no way to spend discretionary income and flush with stimulus checks bought new devices, subscribed to streaming services, and used cloud computing.
• The hardware cycle is impacting companies like Apple, Microsoft, and Intel, as well as TSMC, as production slowdowns and pent-up demand for Apple Silicon-based processors have caused revenue to drop.
• Apple’s App Tracking Transparency has caused a decrease in ad revenue for many tech companies, as users opt out of tracking.
• The end of zero interest rates has caused tech companies to re-evaluate their investments, as the cost of capital has increased.
• The COVID hangover refers to the inevitable slowdown in tech sales after the initial surge due to the pandemic.
• The end of zero interest rates refers to investors realizing that the cost of capital input in their equations can be something other than zero, and the price they are wiling to pay for growth without profitability is falling through the floor.
• The ATT recession refers to Apple’s App Tracking Transparency (ATT) initiative, which fundamentally disrupts the “hub-and-spoke” model of digital advertising, leading to a crash in revenue growth for companies that rely on performance marketing.
• The article argues that the impact of ATT has been underestimated, and that ascribing the advertising revenue headwinds to macroeconomic factors is misguided.

 

An Interview with Eric Seufert About Meta’s Earnings and the Google-DOJ Case [Ben Thompson, Stratechery]

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• Eric Seufert discussed Meta’s earnings and the Google-DOJ case.
• Meta’s earnings showed a decrease in revenue but a skyrocketing stock price.
• Seufert discussed the importance of increasing impressions and the corresponding decrease in price, as it crowds out competitors and provides more room to grow.
• He also discussed the four ways to increase ad revenue for an ad platform: increasing ad load, increasing reach, increasing the value generated by ads, and increasing time spent on site.
• Facebook has managed to increase engagement and ad load, and has introduced new ad placements to increase the value generated by ads.
• Increased ad load on Reels is justified, as it had no ads before.
• Facebook has created new ad formats, such as click-to-messaging, which have the potential to convert better than other ad formats.
• AI and machine learning are being used to automate the process of managing campaigns, eliminating human error and inefficiency.
• The black box automation suite, Advantage Plus, is used to test different permutations of audiences and creative to find the right mix.
• The application of AI and machine learning is more compelling from the advertising side than the consumer side.
• Generative AI can be used to create assets and interpret what works and what doesn’t.
• The end game is for Facebook to integrate these tools and do it for the advertiser.
• The duopoly of Google and Facebook is over, as brand advertising is moving onto the web from TV in a meaningful way.
Amazon is the one big exception, and ATT has been an accelerant for their ad business.
• Apple and Amazon are capturing direct response budget that has fled from Facebook.
• Facebook is trying to recapture some of those dollars by improving efficiency and engagement, and taking more of the human element away.
• Facebook reintroduced 28-day click attribution reporting, which is modeled, in order to comply with ATT.
• SKAdNetwork 4.0 is more signal, and the biggest platforms will benefit most from it.
• Apple may be shooting themselves in the foot with ATT, as they benefit from in-app purchases.
• ATT has caused a difficult transition for mobile gaming, but Apple may start providing better measurements and signals to help developers.
• Facebook’s earnings results validate the ATT Recession thesis, with revenue down 4% year-over-year.
• Recent decisions in Europe have been problematic for ad targeting, with Meta not allowed to use a contractual basis to get user agreement for ads, WhatsApp not allowed to use first party data for general analytics and security, and Voodoo Games not allowed to use the IDFV.
• The European Union is not likely to allow companies to offer services on terms they don’t want, and this could lead to decreased monetization in Europe.
• Activists and special interests may prevent the right thing from being done, preventing the use of AI technologies.
• The DOJ’s case against Google is that it used its end-to-end ownership of the ad tech stack to suppress competition and prevent other companies from being able to compete.
• The DOJ’s argument is flawed because it portrays supply as chasing demand, when in reality, it is the other way around.
• The DOJ’s chief harm demonstration is that publishers made more money than they should have, which is the only part in the stack where there is arguably lock-in.
• The counterfactual is not that advertisers would have gotten more margin on their ad spend, but that they would have been starved from incremental conversions if Google had not made this available at all.
• The remedy proposed by the DOJ is to split off the exchange and the publisher tool, which highlights the weakness in the case itself because Google Ads are first and foremost for Google Properties.
• Facebook is building up customer engagement to attract advertisers.
• Google divesting Google Ad Manager and AdX could lead to lower prices for publishers and higher prices for advertisers.
• Google is acting as a market maker, pricing long-tail traffic that would otherwise go unsold.
• Google’s data gives them an advantage in pricing, and they may be keeping the third-party ad business alive for the data rather than the revenue.
• Stricter privacy regulations benefit larger companies with more signal.
• Advertisers choose Google because they have no choice, but if Google had been more transparent about their practices, they may not be in as much trouble.

Published February 2, 2023
Visit Stratechery to read Ben Thompson’s original post An Interview with Eric Seufert About Meta’s Earnings and the Google-DOJ Case

Elon only trusts Elon [Casey Newton & Zoë Schiffer, Platformer]

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  • Elon Musk’s Twitter halted new enrollment into its $8-a-month Blue subscription offering after it led to widespread impersonation of government officials, corporations, and celebrities.
  • Days before the launch, the company’s trust and safety team had prepared a seven-page list of recommendations intended to help Musk avoid the most obvious and damaging consequences of his plans for Blue.
  • On Saturday afternoon, a week after an initial round of layoffs had cut Twitter in half, a second massive wave of cuts hit the company, targeting contractors.
  • On Monday morning, at around 1:45 AM, Twitter engineers were called into an emergency meeting and told they couldn’t even write any code — “until further notice.”
  • Eli Lilly, Volkswagen, Pfizer, IPG’s Mediabrands, and Omnicom Media Group have all paused their ad campaigns on Twitter, potentially costing the company millions of dollars in revenue.
  • GroupM has told its clients that Twitter is a high-risk media buy, and mid-afternoon on Monday, after Musk announced he would begin disconnecting up to 80 percent of unspecified microservices, two-factor authentication temporarily stopped working via SMS.

Published November 14, 2022

Visit Platformer to read Casey Newton’s original post

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