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Don’t give up on police reform [Matthew Yglesias, Slow Boring]

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• Reactions to the video of Tyre Nichols’ apparent murder at the hands of Memphis Police Department officers were understandably strong.
• D’Zhane Parker from the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation put out a statement bluntly saying Nichols’ death “affirms what we’ve known all along: Reform doesn’t work.”
• Major changes for the better have occurred in the history of American policing, including anti-corruption measures and a shift in understanding of what police officers should be doing.
• Rep. Summer Lee appeared on Face The Nation and said “less than 2% of police officers who are engaged in misconduct are ever indicted at all.”
• Body cams generate evidence that can inform investigations after police shoot someone, and can bolster police legitimacy by demonstrating that they’re not just making stuff up.
• Alex Vitale’s book “The End of Policing” notes that successful reform is good, and that reformers need to identify and publicize good ideas and remind people that change is possible.
• Rachel Cohen’s article on body cams suggests they lead to an approximate 10% reduction in police use of force.
• Evidence suggests that a sustained allegation against a police officer reduces their future misconduct, and that routine increases in oversight lead to less misconduct and no change in crime.
• Reform of police misconduct is hard, not because of technical aspects, but because it requires time and effort to convince people to change the standards.
• Diversifying police forces can help ameliorate racial bias, but it requires money and social capital to encourage people to want the job.
• Holding officers to a higher standard of conduct will cost more money, not less.
• Taking the need for quality policing seriously and investing the time and money to do it is the best approach, rather than throwing one’s hands up and declaring the whole thing hopeless.

Published February 14, 2023
Visit Slow Boring to read Matthew Yglesias’s original post Don’t give up on police reform

Why There Was No Racial Reckoning [Wesley Lowery, The Atlantic]

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• In the wake of the deaths of Ahmaud Arbery, Breonna Taylor, and George Floyd, the nation’s leadership class was presented with a crossroads: to radically rethink American policing, or to retreat to the safety of piecemeal reform.
• Tyre Nichols’ death in Memphis, TN in January 2021 is a reminder of the limitations of reform.
• Five officers were fired and charged with second-degree murder after the release of four video clips depicting the officers’ excessive use of violence.
• The race of the officers (all five were Black) sparked debate about the role of race in police violence.
• The timely release of information and forthright steps to hold the officers accountable likely prevented civil unrest.
• The Memphis Police Department had a Black woman police chief, a majority-Black workforce, body cameras, de-escalation training, and a duty-to-intervene policy, yet Tyre Nichols was still killed.
• The city had responded to a record-high 342 murders in 2021 by deploying the SCORPION unit, a task force of 40 officers instructed to “be tough on tough people.”
• Vice President Kamala Harris attended Tyre Nichols’ funeral, where his mother said she believed her son was sent on an assignment from God.
• The article discusses the legacy of James Baldwin and Derrick Bell, two influential Black American writers and activists.
• Baldwin wrote about the Atlanta child murders in 1979, and Bell wrote the foreword to the 1996 paperback edition of Baldwin’s book, Evidence.
• Bell developed a theory called “interest convergence,” which posits that America’s white majority takes strides toward racial equality only when white people see doing so as in their own best interest.
• The article also discusses the death of Tyre Nichols, a Black man killed by police in Atlanta in 2021.
• At the funeral, activist Amber Sherman outlined the family’s demands for accountability and reform.
• Sharpton discussed the need for legislation to end qualified immunity and make it a crime for a cop to stand by and watch another officer brutalize a civilian.
• He concluded that movements take time, but that he and other activists will continue to fight for justice.

Published February 8, 2023
Visit The Atlantic to read Wesley Lowery’s original post Why There Was No Racial Reckoning

The Persistent Racism of Policing [Eve Fairbanks, The Atlantic]

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• Tyre Nichols’s killing has sparked a conversation about racism and police brutality in America.
• Kgadi, a South African soldier, grew up under apartheid and was inspired to join the military partly because he wanted to be like the white-led police force that had killed his brother.
• South Africa has gone from strict segregation to a place where people of color fill the president’s cabinet, dominate Parliament, set school curricula, run universities, and write the news.
• Post-apartheid South African police officers kill more civilians per capita than the American police do.
• Under South Africa’s first Black president, Nelson Mandela, Black-liberation leaders had expected great change, but Mandela asserted his commitment to the status quo.
• Black South Africans felt a pressure to perform and do the job in a way that their predecessors would approve of or recognize.
• Malaika, a “born free”, observed that some Black people in her formerly white neighborhood went overboard building ostentatious security walls and refused to answer when Black handymen rang their doorbell.
• A life coach wrote a blog post advising Black women to act like white madams for their maids to respect them.
• South African Black people often felt they were treated worse by Black authorities than by white people.
• Black service providers were sometimes accused of having a double standard when it came to treating wealthier Black customers.
• The Black-liberation movement’s goal was to dismantle the world white South Africans created, or just to move more freely within it.
• Kuseni Dlamini, the second Black CEO of Anglo American South Africa, chose to join the top ranks of an institution from which he had long been barred.
• Some Black leaders developed the same kind of loathing for poorer Black people that apartheid-era white leaders had evinced.
• Police brutality and racism are intimately linked in South Africa, as in America.
• Black South African police officers often look back at apartheid with nostalgia, as a time when police had more absolute power to use force.
• Complex, inherited ideas about power and internalized racism can lead Black cops to kill a Black man.
• Traditions we have attempted to discard after discerning their injustice will likely be heritable and persistent.

Published February 7, 2023
Visit The Atlantic to read Eve Fairbanks’s original post The Persistent Racism of Policing

The Stubborn Pathology of Police Culture [David A. Graham, The Atlantic]

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• Reverend Earle Fisher preached at Trinity Christian Methodist Episcopal on Sunday, two days after the release of video footage of the fatal beating of Tyre Nichols by five police officers.
• Fisher connected a passage in the Gospel of Mark to the present day, critiquing the crowd for not asking why there are so many sick people.
• Despite the quick response from Memphis officials, Memphians worry about whether policing in Memphis can and will change more fundamentally.
• Memphis is both underpoliced and overpoliced, with activists pressing for reform of the troubled police department and a sharp rise in violent crime.
• Five officers have been charged with second-degree murder, two officers have been suspended, and two sheriff’s deputies and three firefighters have been fired.
• Memphis activists are celebrating the swift response, but they are also pushing for more fundamental changes to the police department.
• Bishop Marvin Frank Thomas Sr. said that it’s not the color of the officers, but the culture of the police department that needs to change.
• The article discusses the death of Tyre Nichols, a Black man who was killed by police officers in Memphis, Tennessee.
• The officers were part of the SCORPION unit, a specialized police unit that was supposed to be a marquee crime-fighting initiative.
• The unit has been disbanded, but many people are skeptical that it will stay that way.
• The article also discusses the current police chief, C. J. Davis, who is the first Black female police chief in the city’s history.
• Critics say that Davis is a puppet of the mayor and that she has no power to make real changes to the police department.
• The article also discusses the protests that have taken place in response to Nichols’ death, as well as the people who have visited the spot where he was killed.

Published February 3, 2023
Visit The Atlantic to read David A. Graham’s original post The Stubborn Pathology of Police Culture

Professionalize the police [Noah Smith, Noahpinion]

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• Tyre Nichols was fatally beaten by Memphis police, sparking protests across the country and raising the question of what to do about police brutality.
• The “defund the police” movement was a failure, and even Black Americans wanted more spending on policing in their neighborhoods.
• Compared to other developed countries, U.S. police have far fewer hours of training and are more likely to use deadly force.
• Increasing the required hours of police training in America by a factor of 4 or 5 is an obvious policy to try, but some activists are resistant to the idea.
• Professionalizing the police should go beyond training to include education, such as requiring a college degree, which would create positive selection effects and lead to healthier lifestyles.

Published January 29, 2023
Visit Noahpinion to read Noah Smith’s original post Professionalize the police

The untimely death of Larry Price Jr. [Judd Legum, Popular Information]

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• Larry Eugene Price Jr., a severely mentally ill man living in poverty in Fort Smith, Arkansas, died in jail after spending a year in pretrial solitary confinement.
• Price was arrested after he began yelling and cursing at officers at the police station, and was charged with “terroristic threatening in the first degree.”
• Price was unable to post bail, and was placed in solitary confinement for 23 hours a day, seven days a week.
• His mental health deteriorated, and he refused to take his prescribed medication. He eventually stopped eating and drinking, and was found unresponsive in a pool of standing water and urine.
• Price’s death is a consequence of systemic issues in the American criminal justice system, including criminalizing poverty and the torture of solitary confinement.
• People with mental illnesses are more likely to be incarcerated than given proper treatment, and many police lack the training to respond to mental health crises.

Published January 19, 2023
Visit Popular Information to read Judd Legum’s original post The untimely death of Larry Price Jr.

America’s Police Exodus [Leighton Woodhouse, The Free Press]

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• Brian Lande, an officer in the Richmond, Calif., police department, had to draw his gun to stop two drunk men from clobbering each other to death with metal rods, and another time to stop a fight between two more drunk men, one of whom was armed with a hatchet.
• The Richmond police department has seen resignations jump by 18 percent and retirements by 45 percent over the previous year, with hiring decreasing by five percent.
• The shift in police officers’ perception of how they’re viewed by the public happened gradually, starting with the first Black Lives Matter protests of 2013, and culminating with the murder of George Floyd in 2020.
• In response to the racial reckoning, some cities set up police review boards with the power to subpoena police records and oversee day-to-day policing, while other states tightened use-of-force standards.
• It became popular for politicians in progressive circles to flaunt their anti-police credentials, and the Richmond City Council cut the police budget, forcing hiring freezes and threatening to slash officers’ salaries by 20 percent.
• Many officers left Richmond for smaller, suburban departments, where they wouldn’t have to fear getting laid off or having their salaries and benefits reduced.
• Brian Lande left Richmond for Kensington, a 15-minute drive away, where he is now Sergeant Lande and his job involves far fewer risks.
• In August 2022, President Biden announced his Safer America Plan in response to rising crime, which includes plans to hire 100,000 more police officers, but this has been met with criticism from the ACLU and the NAACP Legal Defense Fund.
• Peter Moskos, the former Baltimore police officer now teaching at John Jay College, has called for legalizing drugs in response to the drug war’s ineffectiveness and its disproportionate impact on young black men, and is mystified by progressives who insist that the single greatest threat faced by black Americans is systemic racism.

Published January 19, 2023
Visit The Free Press to read Leighton Woodhouse’s original post America’s Police Exodus

How Walgreens manufactured a media frenzy about shoplifting [Tesnim Zekeria & Judd Legum, Popular Information]

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• Walgreens has been claiming that shoplifting is an existential threat to their business, but recently their CFO admitted that they may have “cried too much” about the issue.
• Publicly available data contradicts the theft-wave narrative, with shoplifting offenses dropping 46% between 2019 and 2021.
• Walgreens has been closing stores in San Francisco due to alleged shoplifting, but police data revealed that the stores had fewer than two recorded shoplifting incidents a month on average since 2018.
• Walgreens’ claims were spread unchecked by major news organizations, with the New York Times publishing at least six stories warning readers of retail theft.
• The overblown claims in this media coverage have political consequences, with California Republican Chair Jessica Millan Patterson using the Walgreens closures as evidence that “Democratic policies have created a crime spike.”

Published January 12, 2023. Visit Popular Information to read Tesnim Zekeria’s original post.

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