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Progressives need to engage with the specific questions about youth gender care [Matthew Yglesias, Slow Boring]

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• Jamelle Bouie wrote a powerful column titled “There Is No Dignity in This Kind of America” which examines conservative attacks on trans people in America.
• Bouie argues that the denial of dignity to one segment of the political community threatens the dignity of all, and calls for solidarity.
• Chris Hayes wrote a column urging Joe Biden to address America’s low and declining life expectancy, which is largely due to the opioid epidemic.
• The opioid epidemic was caused by pharmaceutical companies’ deceptive marketing of new opioid painkillers, and doctors’ overprescription of opioids.
• Mainstream liberal commentators are avoiding the details of the policy questions surrounding trans rights, such as the politicization of medical treatment for children, biological males competing in women’s sports, and physical transitioning at a young age.
• Affirmation of an equal right to human dignity does not determine a unique answer to all of these questions, and facts are important.
• NYT Opinion published the results of a focus group headlined “These 12 Transgender Americans Would Love You To Mind Your Own Business”, which highlights the need for trans people to be treated with dignity and respect.
• The focus group discussed the controversial issue of puberty-blocking medications, which are used off-label to treat gender dysphoria in minors.
• The current World Professional Association for Transgender Health recommendations say that hormones can be started at age 14 and some surgeries done at age 15 or 17.
• Reuters investigated gender clinics and found that most are comfortable prescribing puberty blockers or hormones based on the first visit, if there are no red flags and the child and parents are in agreement.
• Asking questions is important, but it must be done in good faith and with the aim of discovering answers grounded in facts.
• The rapid increase in the number of children identifying as trans raises questions about the extent to which gender-affirming medications have been clinically studied, the actual operation of clinics, and the concept of affirming children.
• There is also the question of why the increase is preponderantly among people with XX chromosomes.

Published February 16, 2023
Visit Slow Boring to read Matthew Yglesias’s original post Progressives need to engage with the specific questions about youth gender care

Panic Headlines: A New Series [Emily Oster, ParentData]

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• ParentData introduces a new series, “Panic Headlines”, to address topics that are too long or in-depth for a Q&A but not significant enough for their own post.
• The first two Panic Headlines are infant screen time and processed foods and cancer.
• Infant screen time is associated with executive functioning at age 9, but this is likely due to family characteristics rather than a causal impact of screens.
• A study on ultra-processed foods suggests a small increase in cancer, particularly ovarian cancer, but the data is flawed due to differences in family background, behaviors, and underlying health conditions.
• Eating processed foods is not recommended, but this study does not provide enough evidence to conclude that family pizza night should be cancelled.

Published February 16, 2023
Visit ParentData to read Emily Oster’s original post Panic Headlines: A New Series

How to Beat Trump in a Debate [Mehdi Hasan, The Atlantic]

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• Donald Trump is an avid practitioner of the Gish Gallop, a debating method designed to defeat opponents by burying them in a torrent of incorrect, irrelevant, or idiotic arguments.
• The Gish Gallop was first used by Duane Tolbert Gish, a biochemist at the Institute for Creation Research, to win debates against evolutionists.
• The Gish Gallop is based on delivery over depth and exploits the fact that it takes more energy to refute bullshit than to produce it.
• Communication experts advise to pick your battle, call out the Gish Galloper, and don’t budge when they start spewing nonsense.
• Jonathan Swan’s interview with Trump in August 2020 revealed the president’s Gish Gallop for what it is: a deliberate strategy to deflect and distract.

Published February 16, 2023
Visit The Atlantic to read Mehdi Hasan’s original post How to Beat Trump in a Debate

February 15, 2023 [Heather Cox Richardson, Letters from an American]

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• President Joe Biden visited the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) Local 26 in Lanham, Maryland to celebrate his administration’s investment in the economy.
• Biden praised union labor and said that the nation’s investment in green energy would mean “good-paying jobs for electricians, plumbers, pipefitters, laborers, carpenters, cement masons, ironworkers, and so much more.”
• Biden’s economic plan is in stark contrast to the Republican’s “top-down, trickle-down economics” and their 2017 tax cut that has already added $2 trillion to the federal deficit.
• The economy continues to perform better than expected in 2023, with retail buying increasing 3% in January and the job market remaining strong.
• Biden accused the Republicans of proposing measures that would raise the deficit, while he wants to address it with taxes on wealthy Americans and corporations.
• The derailment of fifty Norfolk Southern train cars near East Palestine, Ohio, released highly toxic chemicals into the air, water, and ground, causing a massive fire and forcing about 5,000 nearby residents to evacuate.
• Republican Ohio governor Mike DeWine has refused federal assistance from President Biden, while Pennsylvania governor Josh Shapiro, a Democrat, said that Norfolk Southern had botched its response to the accident.
• The Trump administration got rid of a rule imposed by the Obama administration that required better braking systems on rail cars that carried hazardous flammable materials.
• Ohio’s new far-right Republican senator J. D. Vance blamed the Biden administration for the accident on the Fox News Channel show of personality Tucker Carlson.

Published February 16, 2023
Visit Letters from an American to read Heather Cox Richardson’s original post February 15, 2023

The Tragic Mystery of Teenage Anxiety [Derek Thompson, The Atlantic]

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• American teenagers, especially girls and LGBQ teens, are experiencing historic rates of anxiety and sadness.
• The Youth Risk Behavior Survey found that the share of teenage girls who say they experience “persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness” increased from 36 to 57 percent from 2011 to 2021.
• LGBQ teens are more likely to experience poor mental health, unstable housing or homelessness, bullying, and suicide attempts.
• The surge in teen anxiety has coincided with other behavioral trends that aren’t obviously bad, such as a decline in smoking, drug use, and drinking.
• Possible explanations for teen anxiety include social media, school shootings, climate change, and changes in parenting.
• The best evidence suggests that social media is not like smoking, but more of an attention alcohol.
• The relationship between rising LGBQ self-identification and rising LGBQ anxiety is complicated, with liberal and conservative explanations that are irreconcilable.
• Despite the ubiquity of “therapy-speak” on the internet, modern internet culture has adopted therapy-speak while repeatedly setting fire to the actual lessons of modern therapy.

Published February 16, 2023
Visit The Atlantic to read Derek Thompson’s original post The Tragic Mystery of Teenage Anxiety

Decoupling is not deglobalization [Noah Smith, Noahpinion]

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• Decoupling from China is gaining steam, but many voices in the financial press and international economic organizations are sounding a note of concern.
• Critics of decoupling often conflate it with deglobalization, but they are not the same. Decoupling could even make the world more globalized.
• Actual deglobalization started before Trump, likely due to the financial crisis of 2008.
• Studies predict significant losses from decoupling, but their models rely on questionable assumptions.
• Instead of reverting to the old equilibrium of 2015, we should be thinking about how to shape the next wave of globalization in a way that encourages global economic growth while also providing security.

Published February 16, 2023
Visit Noahpinion to read Noah Smith’s original post Decoupling is not deglobalization

Trying Again On Fideism [Scott Alexander, Astral Codex Ten]

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• Chris Kavanagh wrote an extremely kind and reasonable comment in response to the Contra Kavanagh on Fideism post
• Alexander and Scott Aaronson provided partial arguments for the position mocked as “fideism”
• Three reflexive naive positions towards conspiracy theories: Idiocy, Intellect, and Infohazard
• Idiocy perspective makes conspiracy theories low status, but leaves people blindsided when they come across one
• Intellect perspective treats all theories the same, but may lead to people increasing their priors on conspiracy theories
• Infohazard perspective claims conspiracy theories are deadly traps, and should be treated with infohazard precautions
• Good conspiracy theories have convincing-sounding evidence in their favor, and may sound totally plausible to a smart person
• Everyone needs to be constantly vigilant of the possibility of conspiracy theories, and not be too sure they’re immune to propaganda
• The article discusses the importance of being aware of conspiracy theories and how to approach them.
• It suggests that people should trust experts and prestigious institutions, but also be aware of the potential for bias.
• It advises people to be aware of the Inside vs. Outside View when considering conspiracy theories.
• It suggests that people should look for the strongest evidence against the idea and consider the possibility that everyone who disagrees with the idea is not necessarily wrong.
• It also suggests that people should not feel the need to have an opinion on every conspiracy theory and that it is ok to have an awkward knot in their beliefs.
• Finally, it advises people to never suspend the first approximation of trusting experts and institutions.

Published February 15, 2023
Visit Astral Codex Ten to read Scott Alexander’s original post Trying Again On Fideism

Neuroscience Has a Race Problem [Jackie Rocheleau, Nautilus]

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• Jasmine Kwasa, a Ph.D. student at Carnegie Mellon University, noticed that EEG technology had limited functionality with thick curly, kinky, and textured hair types, leading to potential exclusion from research.
• Biases against physical characteristics like dark skin and thick curly hair are baked into all major neuroimaging technologies, including EEG, fNIRS, and MRI.
• Neurobiological datasets are overwhelmingly white, with 95% of the data collected by the UK Biobank corresponding to white study subjects and the Human Connectome Project (HCP) being 76% white.
• Carla Bailey, a neurophysiologist at Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa, says she only encounters issues with EEG and Black hair when people don’t remove hair extensions that obscure the scalp.
• Precision Neuroscopics is perfecting the Sevo clip, which holds electrodes against the scalp between cornrows braided to accommodate electrode placement, and collecting evidence that it improves the quality of EEG data.
• A 2022 study found that machine learning algorithms trained on large neuroimaging datasets that favor white populations inaccurately predicted the behavior of Black Americans.

Published February 15, 2023
Visit Nautilus to read Jackie Rocheleau’s original post Neuroscience Has a Race Problem

Notes on Progress: Breakfast with g [Works in Progress, Works in Progress]

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• Ben Reinhardt’s career has been a journey from academia to NASA labs to high-growth startups and venture capital, all in search of the right institutional home for creating the world that has never been.
• He found that academia is great for suggesting new technologies, but NASA and the tech industry are better for creating functional systems that can be scaled.
• He tried to start his own startup, but found that the pressure to show results on a compressed timescale led to worse technology or failing to meet expectations.
• He then tried venture capital, but found that the same incentives followed him.
• He eventually decided to build his own institution, Speculative Technologies, which is modeled after the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
• Speculative Technologies is a nonprofit research organization that prioritizes functional systems over novel ideas, and aims to create the world that has never been.

Published February 15, 2023
Visit Works in Progress to read Works in Progress’s original post Notes on Progress: Breakfast with g

Why Science Needs Diversity [Carlee Ingersoll, Nautilus]

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• Wilbur Walters, Dean of the College of Science, Engineering and Technology at Jackson State University, discussed his role as an educational leader and activist, the potential of AI to create a more equitable society, and how he sees greater Black representation in STEM fields as transformative to community empowerment.
• The National Science Foundation reported that in 2021, Black representation in STEM fields totaled only 9 percent.
• Walters believes that exposure is the most important factor in increasing Black representation in STEM fields, and that AI can be used for good to eliminate unnecessary jobs and open access to academic or creative labors.
• He also believes that historically Black colleges and universities have an important role to play in driving larger change in STEM fields.
• Nautilus will donate 10 percent of all new member subscriptions toward initiatives to increase opportunities for young Black people to imagine and succeed in STEM career paths.

Published February 15, 2023
Visit Nautilus to read Carlee Ingersoll’s original post Why Science Needs Diversity

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